Visiting the Terracotta Army in Xi’an is one of the most iconic and awe-inspiring experiences in China, often dubbed the “Eighth Wonder of the World.” However, to make the most of your visit, it’s essential to explore not just the Terracotta Warriors, but also the broader Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, including its additional burial pits and priceless artifacts. This guide will walk you through the must-see areas, the best visiting route, and some insider tips for a smooth and enriching experience.
1. Start at the Terracotta Army Museum
The Terracotta Army Museum is a vast archaeological site, home to the famous Terracotta Warriors, which were discovered by accident in 1974 by a local farmer digging a well. The museum is divided into three main pits, and the best way to explore them is in the following order: Pit 1, Pit 3, then Pit 2.
- Pit 1: This is the most famous and the largest pit, housing thousands of life-sized Terracotta soldiers arranged in battle formations. It’s one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of the 20th century. The soldiers’ detailed facial features and expressions make it a stunning sight.
- Pit 3: Often considered the command center of the Qin Army, Pit 3 features warriors standing face-to-face, as though organizing and strategizing for battle. You’ll also find a collection of small bones and deer antlers, hinting at ritualistic practices such as divination and celestial observation. The positioning of Pit 3 at the back of the first pit and behind the second one indicates its critical role in the military hierarchy.
- Pit 2: This pit showcases a flexible army formation with infantry, cavalry, archers, and chariots. It’s a dynamic and strategic setup that demonstrates the Qin army’s combat versatility. Visitors can closely observe the ongoing archaeological excavations here. Pit 2 is also famous for displaying rare and unique figures such as the kneeling archer and high-ranking generals.
2. After Exploring the Terracotta Warriors, Head to Lishan Garden
Once you’ve thoroughly explored the Terracotta Army, it’s time to hop on a free shuttle bus to Lishan Garden, which is the true burial site of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. The garden is often overlooked, but it’s an essential part of the full experience.
Lishan Garden is home to a variety of other remarkable burial pits, such as those of the civil officials, entertainers, and animals. Among the most significant displays are the Bronze Chariots and Horses, which are considered the museum’s treasures. These bronze figures are incredibly well-preserved and are seen as the epitome of Qin craftsmanship.
The garden also features more burial pits, including those dedicated to non-military figures, such as the civil official figurines and waterfowl pits, showcasing the more peaceful, cultural side of the Qin Dynasty. There’s even a set of figures related to Qin Shi Huang’s entertainment, including acrobats and musicians, giving visitors a glimpse into the royal leisure activities.
3. Must-See Artifacts in Lishan Garden
- The Bronze Chariots and Horses are the most valuable artifacts on display in the garden. Made of exquisite bronze, they are considered the pinnacle of ancient Chinese metalwork.
- The waterfowl pits feature ceramic figurines of birds, including swans, cranes, and wild geese, which are symbolic of good omens and prosperity.
- The acrobats and entertainers on display in this part of the museum reflect the Qin Dynasty’s fascination with arts and entertainment. These figures provide a vivid portrayal of the colorful world of acrobatics during the time.
4. Souvenirs and Unique Collectibles
Around the Terracotta Army museum and Lishan Garden, you’ll find several gift shops offering unique souvenirs like Terracotta Warrior figurines, including miniatures and even ice cream shaped like warriors. These make for memorable keepsakes to commemorate your visit.
5. Ticket Information
Tickets for the Terracotta Army are limited to 65,000 visitors per day. If you plan to visit during peak travel seasons, such as the summer months, tickets can sell out quickly. It’s highly recommended to purchase your tickets in advance to secure your spot. Even if you change your plans, tickets can be refunded, so it’s worth booking ahead.